自考英语(二)复习指导：动词时态和语态
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1.动词的时态和语态
动词的时态和语态一览表
|
时态 |
一般现在时 |
一般过去时 |
一般将来时 |
|
主动 |
do |
did |
will do |
|
|
现在进行时 |
过去进行时 |
将来进行时 |
|
主动 |
are doing are being done |
were doing |
will be doing |
|
|
现在完成时 |
过去完成时 |
将来完成时 |
|
主动 |
have done |
had done |
will have done |
|
|
现在完成进行时 |
|
|
|
主动 |
have been doing |
|
|
1.1 现在完成时
发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在，或对现在仍有影响。
现在完成时的标志： so far， by now/ up to now，for three years， since 1995， in the past two decades
1.2 过去完成时转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
过去的过去。
1)said， reported， thought 等引导的间接引语中。
He missed the train.
He said he had missed the train.
2)hardly…when， no sooner… than句型中表示先发生的动作
No sooner had he got up than he received the call.
3)与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中
If I had tried harder， I would have won.
I wish I had done better in the exam.转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
1.3 完成进行时
从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。汉语提示语：一直
The water has been running the whole night.
1.4 过去时
过去某一具体时间发生的事，不考虑与现在的关系。
过去时的标志：yesterday， in 1995， last week，in the nineteenth century，five years ago 等等。
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