For the world's largest pharmaceutical companies, China is an increasingly critical, yet risky bet.
对全球一些最大的制药公司而言，中国是一个越来越重要，但风险也越来越高的市场。
Multinational drug companies expect sales from China to continue to grow quickly, as they did last year, accounting for 3.8% of total sales, up from 3% in 2011, according to a new report from consultancy McKinsey & Co.
据咨询公司麦肯锡(McKinsey & Co.)新发布的一份报告说，跨国制药公司预期在华销售额将继续快速增长，就像去年一样，去年其在华销售额占总销售额的比重为3.8%，高于2011年的3%。
Meanwhile, nearly half of the 50 senior pharmaceutical industry executives surveyed said that they expect China to account for over 10% of their global sales by 2020, when China is projected to become the world's second-largest pharmaceutical market. Sales of 85 brands exceeded $50 million in China last year, with 11 surpassing $200 million, according to the study.
与此同时，受访的50位制药公司高管中有近一半的人说，他们预计2020年前中国在其全球销售额中所占的比重将达10%以上，届时预计中国将成为全球第二大药品市场。据麦肯锡的研究报告说，去年有85个品牌的在华销售额超过了5,000万美元，其中有11个品牌超过了2亿美元。
For years, drug companies have seen big potential in China, where the government began overhauling its healthcare industry in 2009, developing a national insurance system. Easier access to medicine for the country's 1.34 billion citizens has propelled growth for the sector.
多年来，制药公司看到中国存在巨大潜力。中国政府于2009年开始改革医疗行业，逐步建立起一个全国性的保障体系。中国13.4亿人口就医更方便，推动了该行业的增长。
But the good news stops here: China's becoming a bigger headache, McKinsey said. The business models that presented drug makers with solid growth in China are now under pressure. Regulatory risks are rising, with China clamping down on drug prices and protectionism on the rise.
但好消息仅此而已。麦肯锡说，中国正在成为一个更大的难题。曾给制药公司的在华业务带来强劲增长的业务模式如今面临压力。监管风险正在上升，中国严格控制药品价格，保护主义也日渐抬头。
Multinational drug companies report obstacles to getting new products to market and a fragmented system of getting drugs into pharmacies, the McKinsey report said.
麦肯锡的报告说，跨国制药公司表示，新产品上市会遇到各种障碍，使药品进入药店的体系分散。
In recent months, pharmaceutical companies have been under a microscope in China and officials have launched crackdowns largely focusing on foreign companies. Authorities in late June opened an investigation of U.K. drug maker GlaxoSmithKline PLC, alleging the company bribed doctors and hospitals across China to boost drug sales in pharmacies. GlaxoSmithKline said it is cooperating with authorities in the investigation.
近几个月，制药公司在中国一直受到严格审视，有关部门发起了主要针对外国企业的打击活动。今年6月底，有关部门对英国制药公司葛兰素史克(GlaxoSmithKline PLC)发起调查，称该公司在中国各地向医生和医院行贿，以便提高其产品在药店中的销售。葛兰素史克说，目前该公司正在协助有关部门进行调查。
The Administration for Industry and Commerce this summer visited the offices of Denmark's Novo Nordisk A/S and France's Sanofi SA. Novo Nordisk said it hasn't been accused of wrongdoing. Authorities have announced a formal investigation of Sanofi, which said it is cooperating with investigators.
中国国家工商行政管理总局的相关人员今年夏天走访了丹麦药企诺和诺德(Novo Nordisk A/S)和法国制药公司赛诺菲(Sanofi SA)的办事处。诺和诺德说，该公司未被指存在不当行为。有关部门已宣布对赛诺菲展开正式调查。赛诺菲说，该公司正在协助调查。
Pharmaceutical companies also face an underfunded system that is aiming to contain costs and squeeze out profit, the report said, noting that while the government plans to increase spending on healthcare to 7%-7.5% of GDP by 2020, up from its current 5.6%, spending is still far lower than the 12% of GDP in France or 18% of the U.S.
麦肯锡的报告说，制药公司还面临一个资金不足的系统，该系统旨在控制成本，谋取利润。上述报告指出，尽管政府计划在2020年前将医疗支出占国内生产总值(GDP)的比重从目前的5.6%提高到7%至7.5%，但仍远远低于法国(12%)和美国(18%)。
Hospitals, many of which have costs that far outweigh their revenue, have buffered their revenue by over-prescribing drugs in recent years, but the government is looking to reform payment systems and cost structures to prevent such reliance on the drug industry. That will no doubt affect pharmaceutical sales, McKinsey said.
目前，很多医院的成本远远超过了收入。近年来，医院通过过度开药增加收入，但政府如今开始寻求改革支付体系和成本结构，以便防止对制药行业的这种依赖。麦肯锡说，这无疑将影响制药公司的销售。
There's no easy solution for pharmaceutical players, McKinsey said. Companies will need to boost compliance structures, form more partnerships with local research and development companies, target diseases prevalent to China and cater to government initiatives.
麦肯锡说，对制药公司而言，没有简单的解决方法。药企将需要增强合规结构，与当地研发公司组建更多的合作机构，针对中国的常见病，并满足政府的要求。(WSJ)
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