剑桥KET常考语法点：过去进行时+can/can't/could/couldn't

剑桥KET常考语法点：过去进行时+can/can't/could/couldn't

1. 一般过去时

用于谈论过去发生的事情或过去的状态

以Be动词引导的过去式：

1)当描述过去的事情时，把am/is/are变形成was/were，比较：

I am a student.(我现在是学生)

I was a student.(我过去是学生)

We are happy.(我们现在高兴)

We were happy.(我们过去高兴)

2)变化的具体规律是：

is —— was

am —— was

are —— were

3)否定句、疑问句的表达方式:

He was not/wasn't angry.

They were not/weren't busy.

Was he angry? Yes, he was/No, he wasn't.

Were they busy? Yes, they were/No, they weren't.

非Be动词引导的过去时，

1) 把句子中的动词变成它的过去式形态：

I like music.(我现在喜欢音乐)

I liked music.(我过去喜欢音乐)

2)动词的过去式分为规律的和不规律两种

规律的：动词后面直接加ed，比如：liked, waited, started...

双写最后一个字母加ed，比如：shopped, travelled

结尾字母为y时把y变成i加ed，比如：studied

不规律的：began, swam, lent...等等等等很多，需要痛苦地去背，或者依靠大量地阅读混个脸熟

3)否定句，句中动词前加didn't，并把动词变成原型。比较：

I ate a banana this morning.

I didn't eat a banana this morning.

4) 疑问句，句子前面加Did，并把动词过去式变回原型：

Did you eat a banana this morning?

2. 祈使句

普通陈述句中，我们看到的结构是主语+谓语+宾语，而祈使句的结构特点是以动词，也就是陈述句子中的谓语打头。比较：

I listen to music. (陈述句：我听音乐)

Listen to music, please. (祈使句：请听音乐)

祈使句可以用于下达指示：

Close your books.

给出建议：

Let's see a movie.

发出命令：

Be quiet.

提出要求：

Hand in your homework.

发出邀请：

Come to the show.

祈使句的否定形式句子前面直接加Don't:

Don't come to the show.

1. 过去进行时

用于谈论过去某个时间正在发生的事情

I was playing football at 3:30 yesterday.

用于谈论在过去某个时间同时发生的两件事

He was doing homework while his sister was watching TV.

过去进行时与一般过去时在同一个句子里出现的情况：

I was doing homework when my sister came to talk to me.

Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking.

否定句、疑问句的表达方式:

He was not/wasn't working.

They were not/weren't speaking to each other.

Was he working? Yes, he was/No, he wasn't.

Were they speaking to each other? Yes, they were/No, they weren't.

2. can/can't/could/couldn't

在有些时候，could可以作为can的过去式使用

can/can't表示能力，用于现在时

I can help you.(我能帮助你)

could/couldn't表示能力，用于过去时，。比较：

I couldn't come yesterday.(我昨天不能来)

I could have come yesterday.(我昨天能来，但是没来)

can/can't表示可能性，用于现在时

This can't be true.(这不可能是真的)

could表示可能性，用于过去时，或者用于现在时但语气没有can强烈

He couldn't go there without me.(他不可能不带我一起去)

can/could还可以在现在时中用于请求，区别在于could比can语气更委婉客气

Can you help me please?

Could you please open the door?

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