09年职称英语卫生类C级模拟试题一之阅读理解

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇

Storms Sink Ships

Rescuers have found the bodies of over 130 people killed in two ferry disasters in
Bangladesh．The accidents happened during a storm that hit the country on April 21．Hundreds more are missing or feared dead．
The two ferries sank in different rivers near the capital city of Dhakfi as strong winds and rain hit the South Asian country．
The government has since banned a11 ferries and other boats from traveling at night during the April-May stormy season． ．
One of the ferries，MV Mitali，was carrying far more people than it was supposed to．About 400 passengers fitted into a space made for just 300，police said．The second ferry carried about 1 00 passengers．
“The number of deaths is certain to rise．”said an official in charge of the rescue work．“No one really knows how many people were on board‘the ferry or how many of them survived．’’
Ferries in Bangladesh don’t always keep passenger lists，making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board．
Besides the ferry accidents，at least 40 people were killed and 400 injured by lightning strikes．falling houses and trees and the sinking of small boats．
Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh，as are boating accidents．Ferry
disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people．
Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures．too many passengers in boats and not enough checks on weather conditions．
Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh．It is a country covered by about 230 rivers．Some 20，000 ferries use the nation’s Waterways every year．And many of them are dangerously overcrowded．
Since 1977, more than 3．000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents．

词汇：
ferry n．渡船
waterway n．水路，水道
Bangladesh：孟加拉国，位于南亚

练习：
1．How many people have been found dead in the two ferry disasters?
A、Over 130．
B、At least 40．
C、About 400．
D) Over 3，000．

2．The two ferry disasters occurred
A)at noon．
B)in the morning．
C) at night．
D)In the afternoon．

3?How many passengers was MV Mitali designed to carry?
A)500．
B)100．
C)400．
D)300．

4．Officials attribute boating accident to
A)strong winds．
B)bad weather conditions．
C)the blockages of waterways．
D)the lack of safety measures．

5?¨hich of the following statements is NOT true of the two ferry disasters?
A)They were overcrowded．
B)They sank on April 2I．
C1 The exact number of deaths could be easily determined．
D)They sank somewhere near Dhaka．

第2篇

Stress Level Tied to Education Level

People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior．
However, the study also found that when 1ess-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health．
From this。researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random．Ⅵr11ere you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them．
The research team interviewed a national sample of 1．03 1 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health．People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days，people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time，and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time．
‘‘Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health。’”lead researcher Dr．Joseph Grzywacz，of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement．“The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors．and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged．”
Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic．
“If something happens every day, maybe it’snot seen as a stressor”Grzywacz says．“Maybe it is just 1ife．”

词汇：

stressful adj．紧张的；压力重的
diploma n．毕业文凭，毕业证书
stressor n．紧张刺激物
devastating adj．毁灭性的
follow-up n．(对病人的)随访

1． Stress level is closely related to
A)family size．
B)social status．
C)body weight．
D)work experience．
2．The 1．03 1 adults were interviewed
A)on adaily basis for 8days．
B)during one of eight days．
C)all by Grzywacz．
D)in groups．
3． Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?
A)People without any education．
B)People without high school degrees．
C)People with high school degrees．
D)People with college degrees．
4．The less advantaged people are，the greater
A)the impact of stress on their health is．
B)the effect of education on their health is
C)the level of their education is．
D)the degree of their health concern is．
5．Less―educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because
A)they don’t want to tell the truth．
B)they don’t want to face the truth．
C)stress is too common a factor in their life．
D their stress is more acute．

第3篇

Late-night drinking

Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “ pick-me-up” cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with you sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that send people into a sleep.
Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 a.m. and 4 a. m , before falling again. “It’s the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,” says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiklogy Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body’s levels of this sleep hormone
Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee,compared with 415 minutes after decaf .They also took half an hour to drop off---twice as long as usual---and jigged around in twice as much..
In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers evey three hous and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of abreakers were half those in decaf drinkers. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme the drives melatonin production.
Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.

练习：
1. The author mentions” pick-me-up” to indicate that
A) melatonin levels need to be raised.
B) Neurohormone can wake us up.
C) Coffee is stimulant.
D) Decaf is a caffeinated coffee.

2. Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?
A) Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.
B) Caffeine interrupts the flow of sleep hormone.
C) Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.
D) Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.

3. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?
A) Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.
B) Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.
C) The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf.
D) The evidence that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.

4. What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph in paragraph 4 prove?
A) There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers’ urine sample.
B) There are more melatonin concenrrations in caffeine drinkers’ urine sample.
C) Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin.
D) Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.

5. The author of this passage probably agrees that
A) coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee.
B) We should not drink coffee after supper.
C) People sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a.m..
D) If we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately.

参考答案:

第1篇
Storms Sink Ships
1．A 该题问的是：在两次渡船失事中已发现多少人死了?第一段第一个句子说到“救援人员已经找到了在盂加拉国的两次渡船失事中的130多人的尸体”。当然，实际的死亡人数还要高。

2C。该题问的是：这两次渡船失事发生在什么时候?这是一道推理题。文章中没有一个句子直接地提供了这方面的信息。但是第三段间接地传递了这方面的信崽：政府自此后禁止所有的渡船和其他船只在四五月的暴风季节夜航。

3 D。 该题问的是：渡船MV Mitali设计载客量是多少?答案在第四段的第二句：把大约400个旅客装进了只能容纳300个旅客的空间。

4 D。 该题问的是：官员们解释船只失事的原因是什么?倒数第三段说到了缺乏安全措施

5．C．该题问的是： 下面有关这两次渡船失事的说法哪种是错的？第5段有这样一句话：没有人真正知道当时有多少人在船上，也不知道有多少人还活着，第6段是这么说的：盂加拉国的渡船不是总能留下乘客的名单的，使得确认船上确切的人数很困难。

第2篇

Stress Level Tied to Education Level

1． B 从文章题目便可得知，一个人的紧张程度与其受教育的程度挂钩，而受教育的程度又直接影响一个人的社会地位。因此，文章第三段提到，一个人的社会地位决定了其每日所面临的问题和处理这些问题的能力。由此可见，紧张程度与社会地位密切相关。

2． A 文章第四段提到，研究人员对全国抽样的1 031名成人连续八天每天进行采访。

3． D 从文章第四段可以得知，调查对象学历越高，自己所报告的紧张天数便越多。

4． A 文章第五段提到，一个人的社会地位越低，紧张对其健康造成的危害也就越大。

5． C 文章最后两段提到，受教育程度越低者所报告紧张天数越少的原因有可能是他们对紧张因素己司空见惯，视其为生活的一部分，而不是什么特别值得注意的。

第3篇

Late-night drinking

1．C．分析：利用题干中的核心结构（也是特殊结构）作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句
Coffee lovers beware（谨慎）. Having a quick “ pick-me-up” cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with you sleep. (暗示咖啡影响睡眠) As well as being a stimulant（刺激物）（直接揭示答案）, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin（褪黑激素），the brain hormone（激素）that send people into a sleep.

2 C。分析：利用题干中的核心词caffeine，作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated （caffeine的家族词汇）coffee halves the body’s levels of this sleep hormone（根据halves这个词的使用判断C是答案。）

3．A．分析：该题考察判断指定段落的大意。
Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. （概括句，直接与问题相关）On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, （when they are）compared with 415 minutes after decaf .They also took half an hour to drop off (睡着）---twice as long as usual---and jigged around in bed （辗转反侧）twice as much..（具体例子用以证明前面概括句中的观点）

4 D。分析：注意到备选项都是涉及到细节内容，因此在指定段落中一一进行查找和确认。同时注意每个备选项中的核心词/短语。The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers (该句句意表明B的说法错误). In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production（该句句意表明A和C的说法错误）.

5 B。分析：该题涉及到文章主题，首先把四个备选项一一进行分析比较，然后首先把剩下的文章最后内容看完：Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.（从该句中可以推导出B的内容）