职称英语理工类AB级阅读判断典型例题(3)

Moderate earthquake strikes England

      A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power1 in Kent County2. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.

     "It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride3," said the woman.

     The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake4 struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel5, about 8.5 miles south of Dover6 and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel7.

     Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.

     "I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me," said Hendrick van Eck, 27, of Canterbury8 about 60 miles southeast of London. "I then heard the sound of cracking, and it was getting heavier and heavier9. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."

     There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4. 8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham10.

     The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931, measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale11. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France12. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time13 before another earthquake struck this part of England. However, people should not be scared too mush by this prediction, Musson said, as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.

     词汇：

     moderate  adj. 中等的 magnitude n. 值，强度量
     topple  v. 倾倒，震倒
     rouse  v. 唤醒 tremor n. 震动
     hop  v.  齐足跳起
     fun-fair  n. 公共露天游乐场
     scale  n. 震级 forthcoming adj. 即将来临的
     evacuate v. 疏散
     geological adj. 地质的 

     注释:

     1. power：电力
     2. Kent County：肯特郡[位于英格兰东南部]          
     3. the 4.3-magnitude quake：里氏4.3级地震
     4. English Channel：英吉利海峡
     5. Dover：多佛尔[英格兰东南部港市]
     6. Channel Tunnel：海峡隧道。Channel Tunnel (常简称为Chunnel) 是连接英法两国的海峡隧道。
     7. Canterbury：坎特伯雷[英格兰东南部城市，中世纪时曾是宗教朝圣圣地]
     8. Birmingham：伯明翰[英格兰中部城市]
     9. the Richter scale：里氏震级表。美国地震学家 Charles Francis Richter (1900-1985) 于1935年制定了地震震级表。

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     练习题：

     1.   During the April 28 earthquake, whole England was left without power.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     2.   The Channel Tunnel was closed for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     3. It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured, but not seriously.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     4.   France and several other European countries sent their medical teams to work side by   side with the British doctors.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     5. The country's strongest earthquake took place in London .in 1580.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     6.   Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     7. It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes.

 A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

     在线作业参考答案：

     1．B.  问题句说“2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电”。这是一道细节题，利用问题句中的特征词（April 28，England ）作为答案线索， 在文章中查找到答案相关句：（第一段）A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power1 in Kent County2. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.

     答案相关句（划线句）没有提到停电的情况， 但接下来的句子继续提到地震造成的危害：“电力中断，几千名居民无电可用”， 由此问题句没有提供正确信息。该句说“”

     2．C． 问题句说“地震发生后，海峡隧道关闭了10小时”，该题属于细节题。利用问题句中的特征词（The Channel Tunnel， 10 hours）作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake4 struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel5, about 8.5 miles south of Dover6 and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel7.

     该句中根本没有出现与时间相关的词语， 因此判断问题句的内容在文章中没有出现。

     3．A. 问题句说“地震中一个妇女的头部和颈部受了点轻伤”，该题属于细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息词（lady, head, neck）作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：

      （第一段）A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power1 in Kent County2. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.

     问题句的内容与第1段第3句的内容相符， 因此问题句提供了正确信息。

     4．C． 问题句说“法国和其他几个欧洲国家派遣他们的医疗队去英国与当地的医生并肩工作”，该题属于细节题。利用问题句中的特征词（France， European countries, British）及细节信息词（medical teams）作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句。结果发现European countries及其相关词Europe根本没有在文章中出现， 因此判断问题句提供的信息在文章中没有被提到。

     5．B． 问题句说“英国最强烈的地震于1580 年发生在伦敦”，该题属于细节题。利用问题句中的特征词（London， 1580）作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
(第7段) The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931, measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale11. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France.

     答案相关句说“英国遭受了几次最大地震， 其中包括1580年发生的地震”， 而该段段首句已经明确指出“英国最强烈的地震于1931年发生在北海”， 因此问题句提供了错误信息。

     6．A．问题句说“Musson 预言在英格兰东南部迟早将发生另一次地震”，该题属于细节题。利用问题句中的特征词（Musson，southeast England ）作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：（最后一段）Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. 该句说“Musson预言另一次地震将袭击英格兰东南部，至于地震什么时候发生只是个时间问题”。显然该句内容与问题句的内容一致。

     7．A. 问题句说“从文章中可以推断出高震级的地震在英格兰很少见”，该题属于细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息词（high magnitude earthquakes/ 高震级的地震）作为答案线索， 在文章第6段中查找答案相关句：
There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4. 8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.
该段说“4月28号发生的那场地震是从2002年以来震级最强的地震了，全球每年发生强度为中等的地震有几千次，但是这种中等强度的地震英格兰很少发生。 ” 据此，读者可以容易地推断出，高震级的地震在英格兰就更少见了。