2014年职称英语(综合类)教材概括大意文章及译文13

　Ward off Travel Bugs

　　1 As the holiday season approaches, so does the prospect of jet lag, an upset stomach or sunburn2. With care and some help from natural sources, however, it is quite possible to avoid these problems.

　　2 You can start to prepare a couple of weeks before you leave. Food poisoning will make any holiday miserable, but by taking some medicine such as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria3, you can reduce the likelihood of succumbing to4 poisoning brought on5 by food or water tainted with unfamiliar bacteria.

　　3 By improving the bacteria balance in your digestive tract, you crowd out the pathogenic bacteria and stop them gaining a foothold.6 The beneficial bacteria also produce gentle but effective natural antibiotics in your gut.

　　4 In many holiday locations you need to remember the basics: drink bottled water, avoid undercooked meat and ensure that food hygiene is adequate. If you do succumb to food poisoning, drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and see a doctor. However，if you detect diarrhea early enough, you might like to try taking about 10 or 15 pancreatic digestive enzymes, which can digest the multiplying bacteria before they take over.

　　5 Taking a teaspoon of silicol gel7 can also help. This lines the stomach and upper intestinal area and binds with bacteria and viruses，allowing them to be safely passed out of the gut. When you pack, include grapefruit-seed extract8, which is an excellent all-round anti-bacterial, anti- parasitic，anti-viral and anti-fungal agent.

　　6 Your flight can also be made more pleasant. Peppermint oil and ginger capsules9 ward off motion sickness，but a more delicious option is to nibble on crystallized ginger. If you tend to get earache on take-off and landing，you can use special earplugs with filler that slows down the rate of change in air pressure.

　　7 The greatest concern is “economy class syndrome”, the popular name for deep-vein thrombosis, which can lead to blood clots traveling from the legs to the lungs, heart or brain. To reduce this, you need a couple of hours to stay hydrated, and avoid alcohol.

　　8 You can also reduce the severity of inflammation by taking a daily gram of vitamin C with the bioflavonoid quercetin10. Vitamin C and quercetin also help to reduce prickly heat.

　　9 Finally, if any adverse symptoms persist while overseas, you should see a doctor.

　　词汇：

　　bug 臭虫;病菌;病毒 diarrhea 腹泻

　　taint感染;污染 pancreatic 胰腺的

　　antibiotic 抗生素 option 选择

　　jet lag (跨时区高速飞行后)生理节奏的破坏，飞行时差反应

　　anti-parasitic 抗寄生虫的 anti-fungal 抗真菌的，杀真菌的

　　nibble一点点地咬下 pathogenic 病原的;致病的;发病的

　　thrombosis 血栓 anti-viral 抗病毒的 hydrate 保持水分

　　注释：

　　1.ward off ：避开;防止

　　2.As the holiday season approaches, so does the prospect of jet lag, an upset stomach or sunburn.：随着假日的临近，由于高空飞行时差引起的生理不适、胃痛或日光灼烧等潜在问题也接踵而至。第二个分句是由so引导的倒装句。例如：“He is a doctor. ” “So am I.”

　　3.lactobacillus and bifidobacteria：乳(酸)杆菌和双歧杆菌

　　4.succumb to：屈服，屈从

　　5.bring on：引起，导致

　　6.By improving the bacteria balance in your digestive tract, you crowd out the pathogenic bacteria and stop them gaining a foothold.：通过改善消化道内的细菌平衡，你就可以排出致病细菌，使它们没有立足之地。crowd out：驱赶出。

　　7.silicol gel：偏磷酸酪蛋白氧化硅胶

　　8.grapefruit-seed extract：葡萄?榨汁

　　9.peppermint oil and ginger capsules：薄荷油和生姜胶囊。medicine ―般指内服药(包括液体药剂，例如可以说a drop of medicine)，pill指小的丸粒，tablet指药片，但有时medicine可代表药品的总称。

　　10.bioflavonoid quercetin：生物类黄酮槲皮素

　　练习：

　　1.Paragraph 1 ________.

　　2.Paragraph 4 ________.

　　3.Paragraph 5 ________.

　　4.Paragraph 6 ________.

　　A　Basics of What to Eat and Drink

　　B　Medicine Against Bacteria and Viruses

　　C　Avoiding Holiday Troubles

　　D　Basics of Having a Pleasant Flight

　　E　A Teaspoonful of Helpful Silicol

　　F　Preparations Against Food Poisoning

　　5.Food-poisoning may pose a problem ________.

　　6.Special earplugs can make you feel better ________.

　　7.It is important to drink a lot of water ________.

　　8.Don’t forget to bring necessary medicine ________.

　　A　when your plane is about to land

　　B　when you are taking tablets

　　C　when you suffer from food-poisoning

　　D　when you are travelling

　　E　when you are packing for your tour

　　F　when you are having a cold

　　答案与题解：

　　1.C　实际上，这段也点明了全文的中心思想。

　　2.A　本段说明旅行时在吃与喝方面应注意的基本卫生问题。

　　3.B　注意E没有概括本段的中心意思。

　　4.D　本段开始介绍坐飞机旅行时的注意事项。

　　5.D　第二、第三、第四、第五段都谈到了注意旅行中的饮食卫生。

　　6.A　答案的根据为文章第六段的第三句。

　　7.C　第四段提到当食物中毒时要多喝水，以免脱水。

　　8.E　答案的根据在第五段。

　　译文：防止旅行中的疾病困扰

　　随着假日的临近，由于高空飞行的时差引起的生理不适、胃痛或日光灼烧等潜在的问题也接踵而至。利用自然界的一些保护和帮助，我们有可能避免这些问题。

　　你可以在出发前准备一两个星期。事物中毒会使你的假期苦不堪言，但是服用例如乳(酸)杆菌和双歧杆菌类的药物就会减少由于受不知名的细菌污染的食物和水而导致中毒的可能性。

　　通过改善消化道内的细菌平衡，你就可以排除致病细菌，使它们没有立足之地、有益的细菌也会在你肠内制造柔和但有效的自然抗生素。

　　在许多度假胜地你需要记住一些基本事项：喝瓶装水，避免吃不熟的肉，确保食品卫生。如果你真的食物中毒了，喝足够的水以保持水分而且要看医生。然而如果你能及早发现腹泻的话，你可以试着服用10或15片胰腺消化酶，它可以在繁殖迅速的细菌控制局势之前把它们消化掉。

　　服用一汤匙的偏磷酸蛋白氧化硅胶也会有帮助。它会在胃及靠近胃的肠道内部形成一层保护膜，把细菌和病毒隔离开来，使它们安全地从肠道排出。当你打行李的时候，把葡萄籽榨汁带上，它是一种很好的全面抗菌、抗寄生虫、抗病毒和抗真菌的药剂。

　　你的飞行航程也可以变得更愉快、薄荷油和生姜胶囊可以预防移动导致的恶心、但是更可口的一种选择是小口地咬蜜饯姜。如果你在起飞或降落的时候容易耳朵疼，你可以用特殊的带有填充物的耳塞减慢气压变化的速度。

　　人们最担心的还是经济舱症候群，这是深度血栓的常用名、它可导致从腿到肺、从心脏到大脑的血液凝块。为了减少这种病发的可能性，你需要一两个消失保持水分，还要忌酒。

　　你也可以用每天服用一克维生素C和生物类黄铜槲皮素的办法减轻炎症、维生素C和黄铜槲皮素还对减少痱子有帮助。

　　最后，如果在国外不良的症状一直不消失，你应该去看医生。

　　2014年职称英语考前复习必读攻略      2014年职称英语老师辅导轻松通关

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