2014年职称英语(理工类)教材阅读理解文章及译文14

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　　Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers

　　A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

　　The car’s sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver’s sweat for traces of alcohol.An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit.The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats,while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver’s palm.

　　Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example,Sweden’s Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car’s seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

　　Nissan’s new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes.It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

　　The car technology is still in development,but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. "For example,if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver,the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says.Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system,but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

　　The car’s seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected,while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However,Doi admits that some of the technology,such as the alcohol odor sensor,should be improved."If you drink one beer,it’s going to register,so we need to study what’s the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

　　In the UK,some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.

　　词汇：

　　breathalyzer 呼气酒精检测器 alertness 警惕

　　sensor 传感器 bypass 绕过

　　odor 气味 facial 面部的

　　alert 警惕的 fatality 事故死亡

　　ignition 点火 tighten 变紧，绑紧

　　gear-shift knob 换档把手 drowsiness 昏昏欲睡

　　perspiration 出汗 activate 使活动，使激活

　　dashboard 仪表板;挡泥板

　　注释：

　　1.Japanese company Nissan：日本日产公司

　　2.Sweden's Volvo：瑞典的沃尔沃公司

　　3.pull over and rest：开到路边休息

　　4.UK：大不列颠和北爱尔兰联合王国(United Kingdom)。United Kingdom的缩写：联合王国，英国。

　　练习：

　　1. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept care

　　A It has a sensor system that could issue a warning if the driver is drunk.

　　B It has sensors that detect traces of alcohol inside the car.

　　C It has sensors locked up in the ignition system.

　　D It has a breathalyzer-like detection system.

　　2. What has Volvo developed?

　　A The same detection system mentioned in the previous paragraph.

　　B A breathalyzer attached to a car’s seat belt.

　　C A smart car seat belt.

　　D An intelligent engine.

　　3. What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4?

　　A It monitors the driver’s eyes to see if he needs a rest.

　　B It judges if the driver wants to pull over.

　　C It judges if the driver wants to take a rest.

　　D It issues an alarm when the driver speaks.

　　4. According to Doi,

　　A the overall effectiveness of the detection technology has improved.

　　B Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection system.

　　C it is impossible to improve the overall effectiveness of the detection system.

　　D Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.

　　5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?

　　A An external camera checks that the car is going properly.

　　B The car will automatically keep to its lane.

　　C The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy.

　　D The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved.

　　解析：

　　1. C 选项A、B、D所述内容都可在短文的第一、第二段中找到。第二段最后一个句子告诉我们，传感器装在司机和乘客的座椅里，而不是在点火系统里，所以选择C。

　　2. B 短文第三段告诉我们，沃尔沃公司也发明了一种相类似的酒精检测装置，安装在保险带上。所以B是正确选择。

　　3. A 第四段描写了安装在概念车仪表板上的照相机的功能。相机跟踪司机的眼睛的活动从而监测司机是否保持清醒状态，如果发现司机需要停车休息，便用英语或日语发出警告。所以除A以外，其他选择都不正确。

　　4. D 短文第五段说，这种监测技术仍然在发展之中，使用不同的监测系统应能改进这项技术的整体有效性，所以A和C都不是正确选择。该段的最后一句说，日产公司并不准备将这种监测系统推向市场，但它的目标是使用这种技术到2015年将日产车的事故率年减少到 1995年的一半。所以B也不是正确选择，只有D表达了Doi的意思。

　　5. B 选项A、C、D在短文第六段都能找到，但是却找不到选项B所表达的意思

　　译文：日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车

　　日本日产公司日前开发了一种新型概念车，这种车含有呼气酒精检测器和其他一些装置，用来防止那些醉酒和过于疲劳的司机上路驾驶。

　　车上的传感器能检测出车中的酒气，并通过监测司机身上的汗味探知酒精度。车中的电脑系统能报警，甚至还能在司机超速行驶时锁住引擎。这个气味传感器被牢牢固定在驾驶员和乘客的座位上。另一个探测器装在车的换档把手上，用来测试司机的掌心的汗液。

　　其他的汽车制造商们也开发了类似的探测系统。比如，瑞典的沃尔沃在汽车的安全带上安装了很多呼气酒精检测器，司机在开车前必须向里吹气。

　　这种新型概念车还在仪表盘上装有照相机，通过监测驾驶员的双眼探知其清醒程度。如果发现司机需要停车休息，便用英语或日语发出警告。

　　汽车监测技术仍在发展，总裁Kazuhiro Doi指出：综合多种探测技术将对整体技术水平的提高更为有利。例如，若是换档装置探测器被乘客代用，面部识别技术仍能受用。日产公司并没有明确将此项技术推向市场的时间，只是试图借助此项技术在2015年把死亡率降到1995年的一半。

　　如若探知司机昏昏欲睡，安全带会自动收紧，外部照相机也会检查汽车是否偏离路线。尽管如此，Doi承认有一些技术，如气味传感器仍有待改进。因为对很多人来说，往往只喝―口都会被检测出来。为避免这类事件的发生，必须研究激活系统的最低限度。

　　在英国，一些组织正在运用类似的先进技术来研究司机的行为和路标设置的有效性。

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