2015年职称英语考试综合类B级阅读材料(7)

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      2015年职称英语考试综合类B级阅读材料(7)

　　国际航空公司的经营

　　国际航空公司重新发现，商业游客经常定期乘坐国际航班，这甚至成为他们工作的一部分。这并不一定意味着国际航空曾经忽视了商业乘客。相反，汉莎航空公司和瑞士航空公司声称他们总是尽量满足商业人士阶层的乘客。但是许多航空公司被指责说过去太注重由运载量吸引乘客，造成老顾客的流失。公司经常为了数量而非质量进行调整。

　　主要航线的经营本质上是要为乘客找到合适的安排。航空公司可以让低价位机票乘客乘坐宽机身飞机的尾部，不能忘记前端需要让机票价位较高者乘坐。

　　两家主要的廉价航空公司的倒闭并不是巧合。但是低票价需要总是满机以使班机在经济方面可以生存，在最近的萧条期运载量并没有增长。容量过剩和残酷的竞争引起票价下降，迫使一些航空公司到闭，把许多别的公司推到倒闭的边缘。

　　在这种严峻的背景下，航空公司不断转向商业游客以提高利润就不足为奇了。他们付出了大量的时间和精力去满足他们多座位的要求，并将他们与普通游客相区分。

　　在优先取舍的列表上还有准时性，经理们的时间是宝贵的。客机服务是航班为了争取商业人士注意力的有一个领域。免费的饮品，耳机和可口的食物都是很有诱惑力的因素。

　　另外一个发展是强调座位的安排。老乘客对座位的倾斜度很精通---因为这会影响前后座之间的间隙。一等舱提供倾斜式，这样在长时间的旅程中，乘客能得到一个良好睡眠。实践证明，卧椅很受乘客们的喜爱，它将会在所有飞机的前端被普遍应用。

　　航空公司还试图改善地面服务。执行休息室增加了，这样乘客们等待航班的时间可以变得更好过一些。行李处理服务业改善了。不过遗憾的是，在加快繁琐的入境通关手续方面，航空公司能做的很有限。各大洲各阶层的乘客们只有继续厌烦沮丧的份了。

　　尽管航空公司的目的是从它们的竞争对手中吸引商业乘客，航空公司将尽力改变这类乘客的坏习惯――预定昂贵的机票却没有乘坐。这种现象在欧洲尤为广泛，商业人士经常在不同的航班预定返程机票。

　　The Operation of International Airlines

　　International airlines have rediscoved the business traveler, the man or women who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. Instead, companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume, often at the expense of the regular traveler. Too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality.

　　Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back end of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets.

　　It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink.

　　Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return. They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists.

　　High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure.

　　Another development has been the accent of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch- the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered sleeperette seats, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch a proper night’s sleep. Sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft.