2015年职称英语理工类概括大意练习必备(7)

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　　2015年职称英语理工类概括大意练习必备(7)

　　Understanding Autism

　　1 Autism(孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see，hear, and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships，communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地)learn normal patterns of speech and communication，and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke

　　2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem

　　affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain Genetic(遗传的) factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “causes“.

　　3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism，however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺) in certain areas-most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others-and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or ether disorders，since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.

　　4 In general，individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and

　　involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists，piano tuners, painters，farm workers，office workers, computer operators, dishwashers，assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

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　　A What causes autism?

　　B How common is autism?

　　C Does autism occur together with other disabilities?

　　D Whutism?

　　F What kinds ofat is the difference between autism and mental retardation?

　　E What is a jobs can individuals with autism do?

　　5. Individuals with autism are particularly weak at .

　　6. It is possible that autism happens as a result of .

　　7. Autism and mental retardation should be treated with .

　　8. Atypical feature of people with autism is their uneven .

　　A. different techniques

　　B. social relationships and communication

　　C. language and information

　　D. several causes working together

　　E. a degree of repetition

　　F. skill development

　　参考答案：E、A、D、F 、B、D、A、F

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