2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解第四套练习
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【摘要】环球网校：2016年职称英语考试即将开始报名，目前备考2016年职称英语考试的考生也在循序渐进的复习中。对此，环球小编整理了《2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解练习汇总》，希望备考2016年职称英语考试的考生都能顺利通关。
Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?(环球网校2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解第四套练习)
In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying bard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable：Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflict4ed by terrorists?
Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.
“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,” he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,” explained A Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.”
The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance,” he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,” said A Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.”
A Reinhorn, Ph. D. noted that “Earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.”(环球网校2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解第四套练习)
31 The question raised in the first paragraph is one __________.
A that was asked by structural engineers a month ago
B that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now
C that was never difficult for before the terrorist attack
D that terrorists are eager to find a solution to
32 The project funded by the National Science Foundation __________.
A was first proposed by some engineers at UB
B took about two days to complete
C was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attack
D was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts
33 The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker _________.
A was part of the building close to the World Trade Center
B was part of the World Trade Center
C was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center
D damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center
34 A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that __________.
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【摘要】环球网校：2016年职称英语考试即将开始报名，目前备考2016年职称英语考试的考生也在循序渐进的复习中。对此，环球小编整理了《2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解练习汇总》，希望备考2016年职称英语考试的考生都能顺利通关。
A floors in the adjacent building remain undamaged
B some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion
C simple floor framing systems are more blast resistant
D floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris
35 What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that __________.
A blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design
B blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design
C solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D slast engineering emerges as a new branch of science
答案：31 C建筑设计是否能使建筑具有抵御恐怖袭击的性能，是一个月前世界贸易中心受到袭击之前人们从未想过的一个问题。这是第一段的主要内容。所以，只有C是正确答案。
32 D A不是正确选项，因为文章没有提及谁首先提出这个项目。B或C都不是文章所述的内容。答案可以在第三段中找到。
33 B有关本题的句子是第四段的第三句，“This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be Part of that building."这里的this buildin9指的是the building many meters away from the World Trade Center，而that buildin9指的是World Trade Center。
34 B选项A不是答案，因为文章说，the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings…remain intact.C不是文章表达的内容。D在文中提到，但不是a surprising discovery .只有B是正确答案。
35 D选项A的内容是正确的，根据是本段最后一句(“…develop new ones”)。选项B和C的内容也是正确的，根据是本段最后两句(关键词是applicable和transfer)。只有D是答案。因为Reinhorn没有说：blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science。
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环球网校友情提示：如果您在此过程中遇到任何疑问，请登录环球网校职称英语频道及论坛，我们随时与广大考生朋友们一起交流!
【摘要】环球网校：2016年职称英语考试即将开始报名，目前备考2016年职称英语考试的考生也在循序渐进的复习中。对此，环球小编整理了《2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解练习汇总》，希望备考2016年职称英语考试的考生都能顺利通关。
Chronic Diseases:The World’s Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,stroke,cancer,diabetes(糖尿病)and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen.It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area.In ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic losses.(环球网校2016年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解第四套练习)
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.Last ween in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic(寄生的)diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through two thousand fifteen.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
1.How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015?
A.More than 17 million.
B.More than 380 million.
C.More than 304 million.
D.More than 25 million.
2.Due to chronic diseases China will have to face
A.great pressure from other countries.
B.a limited economic market.
C.a shortage of the labor force.
D.huge economic losses.
3.Which can NOT be learned from the passage?
A.Many chronic-disease deaths are preventable.
B.Chronic diseases are the major cause of death in most countries.
C.Chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.
D.Eonomic gains in many countries have contributed to chronic-disease deaths.
4.Until recently the main killers in Asia and the Pacific have been
A.economic gains.
B.lost productivity.
C.chronic diseases.
D.infectious and parasitic diseases.
5.Which is NOT mentioned as a way to prevent chronic-disease deaths?
A.Timely medical treatment.
B.Healthy eating.
C.More physical activity.
D.Reduction in drinking and smoking.
答案： C D C D A
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