2019翻译资格考试三级笔译实务模拟题之地理篇（4）
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【Passage 1】
明清皇家陵寝是中国明、清两朝皇帝悉心规划营建的文物建筑，依照风水理论，精心选址，将数量众多的建筑物巧妙地安置于地下。它是人类改变自然的产物，体现了传统的建筑和装饰思想，阐释了封建中国持续五百余年的世界观与权力观。体现了中国封建社会的最高丧葬制度和千百年封建社会的宇宙观、生死观、道德观和习俗，也体现了当时中国最高水平的规划思想和建筑艺术，陵寝分布于北京、河北、辽宁、安徽、江苏、湖北等地，主要建筑保存完整，反映了明清皇家陵寝原貌。此陵寝群在2000年为联合国教科文组织登录为世界文化遗产，并在2003年、2004年扩充。
【参考译文】The Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were carefully planned by emperors, comprised of numerous buildings according to the principles of fengshui. They are the product of human harmony with nature and reflects traditional architectural and decoration concepts and indicates the world view of 500 years of feudal power in China. The Tombs represent the funeral system of feudal China as well as life and death, morality, and customs of feudal China which lasted thousands of years. The Tombs reflect a high level of planning and architectural art of the age. The Tombs are distributed in Beijing, Hebei, Liaoning, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei, etc., and the properly preserved main buildings present the original landscape of the tombs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In 2000, the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were selected as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO and were extended in 2003 and 2004.
【Passage 2】
龙门石窟位于中国中部河南省洛阳市南郊12.5公里处，龙门峡谷东西两崖的峭壁间。这里地处交通要冲，山清水秀，气候宜人，是文人墨客的观游胜地。又因为龙门石窟所在的岩体石质优良，宜于雕刻，所以古人选择此处开凿石窟。龙门地区的石窟和佛龛包含北魏晚期至唐代(公元316至907年)期间最具规模和最为优秀的中国艺术藏品。这些艺术作品全部反映佛教宗教题材，代表了中国石刻艺术的最高峰。龙门石窟是中国石刻艺术宝库之一，是国家AAAAA级景区。2000年被联合国科教文组织列为世界文化遗产。
【参考译文】The Longmen Grottoes are located between two cliffs of Longmen Gorge, 12.5km from the southern suburbs of Luoyang, Henan Province in central China. Thanks to its convenient traffic, beautiful scenery and pleasant climate, it has become a famous tourism attraction for eminent men of letters. The Longmen Grottoes were largely because the stones there were good for carving. The grottoes and niches for Buddha contain the largest and the most outstanding Chinese art collections from the later period of the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty (AD 316-907). All these works of art reflect Buddhist religious subjects and represent the peak of Chinese stone carving art. The Longmen Grottoes are one of the stone carving treasures of China, and they are a national AAAAA-level scenic area. In 2000, it was selected as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO.
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