2020年翻译资格考试（cattti）三级笔译练习题四
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Fin-Tech(节选)
捕鲸业透视金融科技创业(节选)
New Bedford was not the only whaling port in America; nor was America the only whaling nation. Yet according to a study published in 1859, of the 900-odd active whaling ships around the world in 1850, 700 were American, and 70% of those came from New Bedford. The town’s whalers came to dominate the industry, and reap immense profits, thanks to a novel technology that remains relevant to this day. They did not invent a new type of ship, or a new means of tracking whales; instead, they developed a new business model that was extremely effective at marshalling capital and skilled workers despite the immense risks involved for both. Whaling all but disappeared as an industry after mineral oil supplanted whale oil as a fuel. But the business structures pioneered in New Bedford remain as relevant as they ever were. Without them, the tech booms of the 1990s and today would not have been possible.考生如果怕自己错过考试成绩查询的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
Most historians trace the origins of the modern company back to outfits like the Dutch East India Company and its British equivalent. These were given national monopolies on trade in certain goods or with certain places. This legally buttressed status allowed them to fund themselves by selling shares to the public, helping to get stockmarkets off the ground. The managers of these multinational enterprises were professionals with only small ownership stakes. Lower-level employees generally had no shareholding at all.
新贝德福德不是美国唯一的捕鲸港，而美国也不是世界上唯一的捕鲸国家。但1859年发表的一项调查显示，1850年全球活跃的捕鲸船共计约900艘，其中700艘来自美国，而这些美国的船只中有70%来自新贝德福德。多亏了一种时至今日仍然重要的新技术，该镇的捕鲸者得以主导整个行业并获得巨大利润。他们并没有发明新型船只或跟踪鲸鱼的新奇手段，而是开发出了一种新型商业模式，能极为有效地安排资本和组织熟练工人，尽管这两方面都涉及巨大的风险。随着矿物油取代鲸油成为燃料，捕鲸作为一个行业几乎消失。但在新贝德福德率先发展出的这种商业结构依然一如既往地重要。没有它们，20世纪90年代以及今天的科技繁荣就不可能实现。
大多数历史学家把现代公司的起源追溯到像荷兰东印度公司和英国东印度公司这样的机构。这些公司有国家授予的对某些货物或者对某些地方的贸易垄断权。这种有法律支撑的地位使它们能够通过向公众发售股票来筹资，从而催生了股票市场。这些跨国企业的管理者是专业人士，只拥有少量股权。较低级别的员工一般不持有任何股份。
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