2020上半年翻译资格初级笔译考试模拟试题十
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Microsoft’s Transformation Required a Change of Culture(节选)
微软转型要求文化变革(节选)
But what is interesting about the Microsoft case study (which is mostly free of such management jargon) is that it highlights the practical changes needed to transform a company. Microsoft could have been a classic victim of “creative disruption”, so dependent on an existing technology (personal computers) that it failed to manage the shift to a world dominated by mobile devices. But the shift has only been successful (so far) because it has involved not just strategic insight, but a change in approach across the workforce.考生如果怕自己错过考试成绩查询的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
Microsoft can still trip up. Tech companies are like the Red Queen in Lewis Carroll’s “Through the Looking Glass” – constantly running to stay in the same place. IBM successfully shifted from hardware to services in the 1990s, but has struggled to get its revenues to grow or to lift its share price in recent years.
In the long run Microsoft’s fortunes may depend on whether acquisitions like LinkedIn, a career site, or GitHub, a software-development startup, prove to be wiser than its failed bet on Nokia’s mobile-phone business earlier in the decade. But Microsoft has already shown that, even in a big organisation, culture change is possible.
但这项微软案例研究(里面基本没有上述管理学术语)的有趣之处在于它突显了企业转型所需的实际变革。微软本可能成为“创造性破坏”的典型受害者——过于依赖一项既有技术(个人计算机)而未能成功向移动设备主导的世界转变。但是，这种转变之所以能成功(到目前为止)，是因为它不仅用到了战略洞察力，还改变了所有员工的工作方法。
微软的前路仍不平坦。科技公司就像路易斯·卡罗尔(Lewis Carroll)的《爱丽丝镜中世界奇遇记》(Through the Looking Glass)中的红皇后——不停奔跑，但始终停留在原地。IBM在上世纪90年代成功地从硬件转向服务，但近年来一直难以提升收入或股价。
从长远来看，微软的命运可能取决于它对职业网站领英或软件开发创业公司GitHub等企业的收购是否比早几年对诺基亚手机业务失败的押注更明智。但微软已经表明，即使在一个大型组织中，变革文化也是可能的。
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