The First Organ Transplant

第一例器官移植

In 1954, a man named Richard was dying of kidney disease. He wouldn't survive for long unless he got a new kidney right away. Richard's twin brother, Robert, was willing to donate one of his kidneys to his dying brother. At the time, however, no doctor had ever performed a successful internal organ transplant. The idea of taking an organ out of one person and putting it into another was just a fantasy. But the brothers decided to be brave and found a doctor who could make organ transplants a reality.

1954年，一个名叫理查德的人患了肾病，病情垂危。除非他马上得到一个新的肾脏，否则他活不了多久。理查德的双胞胎兄弟罗伯特愿意捐出他的一个肾脏给他垂死的哥哥。然而，当时还没有医生成功地进行过器官移植。把一个器官从一个人身上取出来移植到另一个人身上的想法只是一个幻想。但兄弟俩决定勇敢一点，找到了一位能够实现器官移植的医生。

Since Richard and Robert were twins, their heredity was identical. They had the exact same biological traits. Even their kidneys were identical on the cellular level. Therefore, Robert's working kidney could be substituted for Richard's bad one. Richard's body could adapt to the new organ if the operation was done correctly.

由于理查德和罗伯特是双胞胎，他们的基因是一样的。他们有着完全相同的生物特征。甚至他们的肾脏在细胞水平上也是一样的。因此，罗伯特的健康肾脏可以代替理查德的坏肾。如果手术做得成功，理查德的身体可以适应新的器官。

The twins went to Dr. Murray, who was a pioneer of new surgical methods. His dynamic team of surgeons performed the transplant. Dr. Murray made sure his surgeons followed a rigid sequence of directions so that no mistakes were made. First, they made a minimal cut in Richard's side and removed the bad kidney. Then, they made another small cut in Robert's side, removed his kidney, and transferred it into Richard's body. Finally, they sewed up the respective cuts. The entire operation only took about one hour.

这对双胞胎兄弟去找了默里医生，他是新手术方法的先驱。他充满活力的外科医生团队完成了移植手术。默里医生确保他的外科医生遵循严格的方向顺序，这样就不会出错。首先，他们在理查德的一侧做了一个很小的切口，切除了坏肾。然后，他们在罗伯特的一侧又开了一个小口，取出他的肾脏，移植到理查德的身体里。最后，他们各自缝合了伤口。整个手术只花了大约一个小时。

After the surgery, it was clear that both brothers were going to be OK. The operation was confirmed a success. Richard's new kidney worked great! Doctors prescribed medicine for the pain caused by the surgery. Since Richard was still weak, he used physical therapy to revive his strength. At last, Richard's transition into a healthy, happy person was complete.

手术后，兄弟俩很明显都安然无恙。手术被证实是成功的。理查德的新肾脏工作得很好!医生为手术引起的疼痛开了药。由于理查德还很虚弱，他采用物理疗法来恢复体力。最后，理查德终于完成了向健康快乐的人的转变。

Dr. Murray became a hero in the medical world. His success gave other doctors confidence to try organ transplants themselves. Now, doctors perform life-saving transplants and surgeries every day.

默里医生成了医学界的英雄。他的成功让其他医生有信心自己尝试器官移植。现如今，医生每天都要进行挽救生命的移植和手术。

核心单词表

adapt v. 适应

biological adj. 生物的

cellular adj. 细胞的

dynamic adj. 动态的

fantasy n. 幻想

heredity n. 遗传

internal adj. 内部的

minimal adj. 最低的

pioneer n. 先锋

prescribe v. 规定

respective adj. 分别的

revive v. 复兴

rigid adj. 严格的

sequence n. 顺序

substitute v. 替代

surgeon n. 外科医生

therapy n. 治疗

transfer v. 转让

transition n. 过渡

transplant n. 移植

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